Thyroid dysfunction and migraine across racial and age groups: A multinational cohort study.

This study explores the link between thyroid dysfunction and migraine across different groups. Hypothyroidism affects over 200 million individuals globally, while hyperthyroidism impacts about 3% of adults. Migraine is a major cause of disability worldwide. Previous studies had limited evidence due to small sample sizes and lack of diversity. Researchers used a large electronic health record database, analyzing over 200 million patients from 21 countries. They focused on adults aged 18-100 years diagnosed with hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism. The study compared these individuals with control groups without thyroid disease. Findings showed that hypothyroidism significantly raised migraine odds across all racial groups. The strongest link was among African American/Black individuals, followed by White and Asian groups. Similarly, hyperthyroidism also increased migraine odds, particularly in White individuals. Results indicate that thyroid dysfunction is a significant comorbid condition in migraine, necessitating further research into this connection. Clinical relevance: This research underscores the need for clinicians to consider thyroid dysfunction in migraine patients.