Persistent cognitive dysfunction in patients with migraine: a case series.

Cognitive symptoms like impaired concentration, slowed thinking, and forgetfulness are common in migraine patients. While these issues are strongest during attacks and postdrome phases, some individuals face persistent cognitive symptoms. These symptoms can last beyond migraine attacks and interictal periods. Cortical spreading depression may lead to these cognitive issues, detectable via arterial spin-labeled magnetic resonance imaging (ASL-MRI). This study looked at 12 patients experiencing cognitive symptoms for over one month. They had no identifiable neurological or psychiatric disorders. Ages ranged from 15 to 37 years, with five men and seven women. Eleven reported cognitive symptoms as their main complaint, with only three having headaches that day. Symptoms lasted from two months to eight years. All patients showed regional hypoperfusion on ASL-MRI. Migraine-preventive treatment improved cognitive symptoms, indicating that cerebral hypoperfusion may link to persistent dysfunction. Clinical relevance: This research indicates that persistent cognitive symptoms in migraine patients need further exploration for potential treatments.