Psychiatric and medical comorbidities in patients with migraine before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Thailand: a retrospective comparative cohort study of two different clinical groups.

Migraine is often accompanied by psychiatric and medical comorbidities, worsening treatment results. This study looked at comorbidity prevalence in migraine patients before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. It included patients diagnosed with migraine at a Thai headache center. Data came from case records and electronic medical records. Patients reported comorbidities during their initial visit, verified by medical diagnoses. The study analyzed differences using chi-square or independent t-tests. Multivariable logistic regression identified independent risk factors for comorbidities. Among 572 patients, 29.9% experienced migraine with aura. A significant 67.7% had at least one comorbidity, and 8% had psychiatric issues. During the pandemic, comorbidities increased to 79.4% overall and 17% for psychiatric conditions. Chronic migraine showed a strong link to comorbidities. Integrated pain management and regular psychiatric screening may enhance patient care significantly during this time. Clinical relevance: This research highlights the increased prevalence of comorbidities during the pandemic, emphasizing the need for integrated care strategies.