Common Mechanisms in Migraine, Migraine-Related Neck Pain, and Low Back Pain: Implications for Treatment.

Chronic pain conditions like migraine, neck pain, and low back pain often coexist. This review synthesizes shared mechanisms and treatments for these pain disorders. Researchers examined studies on central sensitization, pain spread, and various interventions. Evidence indicates that migraine, neck pain, and low back pain share similar underlying processes. These include cortical hyperexcitability and impaired pain control. Persistent pain can spread beyond its original site, leading to more issues. Psychological factors, like fear-avoidance, also play a role in pain maintenance. Treatments for neck pain often follow migraine treatment principles. Some patients may need additional non-pharmacological management for cervical issues. Rehabilitation and physical therapy can help regulate pain mechanisms effectively. However, the evidence strength varies between interventions. For migraine, exercise-based rehabilitation shows stronger support than manual therapy approaches. Understanding these conditions through shared mechanisms may improve treatment and outcomes significantly. Clinical relevance: This research highlights the importance of integrated approaches in treating migraine and related pain conditions.