Clinical Heterogeneity in Vestibular Migraine Diagnosed Using Bárány Society Criteria: Differences According to Caloric-Test-Based Evidence of Peripheral Vestibular Dysfunction.

Vestibular migraine (VM) causes vertigo and has different symptoms in patients. This study looked at 181 VM patients diagnosed using specific criteria. Researchers divided patients into two groups: those with caloric abnormalities (VM-CP+) and those without (VM-CP-). The VM-CP+ group had 47 patients, while the VM-CP- group included 134 patients. The study measured various vestibular functions using tests like videonystagmography and caloric testing. Results showed that VM-CP+ patients experienced more external vertigo and rotational vertigo than VM-CP- patients. They also exhibited more spontaneous nystagmus. These findings suggest that VM patients with peripheral vestibular dysfunction may have unique clinical features. Understanding these differences can help tailor treatments for VM patients based on their specific symptoms and vestibular function. This research highlights the importance of recognizing the clinical diversity within vestibular migraine presentations. Clinical relevance: This study indicates that understanding vestibular dysfunction in migraine patients may improve diagnosis and treatment strategies tailored to individual symptoms and needs.