[Mechanism of SGCs-HMGB1 axis-mediated peripheral sensitization in migraine based on neuroimmune microenvironment of trigeminal ganglion and traditional Chinese medicine intervention].

Migraine is a common condition that causes severe headaches. It often involves a process called peripheral sensitization. This happens in the trigeminal ganglion, where specific cells play key roles. Neurons and satellite glial cells (SGCs) contribute significantly to this sensitization. When triggered, these cells release a protein called HMGB1. This protein interacts with receptors and activates inflammasomes. This leads to increased inflammation and nerve sensitivity. Researchers found that the activation of SGCs and the release of HMGB1 create a cycle that worsens migraine symptoms. This cycle is important for understanding how migraines develop and persist. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) views migraines as linked to environmental factors. Understanding these biological mechanisms can help develop new treatments. By targeting these processes, future therapies may better manage migraines and their symptoms, providing relief for many patients suffering from this condition. Clinical relevance: This research highlights the role of SGCs and HMGB1 in migraine, suggesting new treatment strategies targeting neuroimmune mechanisms for better migraine management.