Compartment-specific redox modulation in migraine with aura: a systematic review of context-dependent mechanisms.

Preventive treatments for migraine with aura often do not work well. Studies show that 37%-54% of patients do not reduce their migraine days by half. This happens even with specific therapies targeting calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP). Broad-spectrum antioxidants have also shown mixed results. This suggests that simply removing reactive oxygen species (ROS) is not enough. New research indicates that ROS may act as important signaling molecules. They could have different roles depending on their location in the body. However, it's still unclear how these mechanisms relate to migraine development. The study reviewed existing research to understand the interactions between cortical spreading depression and redox processes. It aimed to highlight gaps in knowledge that prevent better-targeted treatments for migraine with aura. Overall, this research points to the need for more precise therapeutic strategies. Clinical relevance: This research highlights the need for targeted treatments for migraine with aura, focusing on specific biological mechanisms to improve patient outcomes.