Brain stem activation in spontaneous human migraine attacks

Researchers found that the brain stem plays a key role in migraines. They used positron emission tomography to study blood flow changes during migraine attacks. Increased blood flow occurred in the cingulate, auditory, and visual cortices. Blood flow changes were also noted in the brain stem during attacks. Importantly, brain stem activation continued even after sumatriptan relieved headache symptoms. This suggests that the brain stem remains active even when pain subsides. The study supports the idea that migraines arise from imbalances in brain stem activity. This activity regulates both pain control and blood vessel function. Understanding these mechanisms may lead to better treatment options for migraine sufferers. Future research could explore how to target these brain areas more effectively. Overall, this study highlights the complex role of the brain stem in migraine attacks. Clinical relevance: This research indicates that targeting brain stem activity may improve migraine treatments.