GLP-1 receptor activation attenuates chronic migraine-like behaviour: Sex-specific modulation of opioid- and endocannabinoid-related pathways.

Chronic migraine is a debilitating condition that often goes untreated. Researchers investigated how GLP-1 receptor agonists, like liraglutide and semaglutide, affect chronic migraine symptoms. These drugs are typically used for diabetes and obesity. The study compared these GLP-1 receptor agonists with propranolol, a common migraine treatment. They induced chronic migraine-like symptoms in male and female mice through nitroglycerin administration. Various tests measured the effectiveness of these drugs on pain sensitivity. The research looked at how these treatments might involve opioid and endocannabinoid pathways. It also monitored the metabolic safety of the drugs, including body weight and glucose levels. Results showed that GLP-1 receptor activation can reduce chronic migraine-like behavior. The effects varied based on sex, indicating a need for tailored treatment approaches. Overall, this study suggests new potential treatments for chronic migraine sufferers. Clinical relevance: This research indicates that GLP-1 receptor agonists may provide effective treatment options for chronic migraine, particularly considering sex-specific responses to these therapies.